尿道综合征的诊断：
女性尿道综合征是在排除其他可以引起尿路刺激症状的疾病后才能确诊定为尿道综合征。
尿道综合征的鉴别诊断：
1.泌尿系感染
包括肾盂肾炎和膀胱炎等，多有明显尿频，尿急，尿痛和尿道烧灼感等症状，肾盂肾炎还常伴有发热，头痛，腰痛，乏力，食欲不振等全身症状，肾区有压痛及叩击痛，实验室检查，尿常规可见大量白细胞，脓细胞和红细胞，中段尿培养有致病菌生长，菌落计数≥105/ml尿。
2.泌尿系结核
有尿频，尿急，尿痛症状，长期抗生素治疗无效，行尿沉渣抗酸染色涂片检查可发现结核杆菌，采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术检测尿液中结核杆菌的DNA可大大提高泌尿系结核的诊断率，行结核杆菌培养可明确诊断，IVU早期结核可见典型的肾小盏边缘虫蛀样改变;结核晚期则可出现一侧肾脏不显影，膀胱挛缩，对侧肾积水的典型结核改变，有时还可发现肾结核空洞和钙化。
3.神经源性膀胱
多继发于糖尿病，脊髓灰，白质炎，脑炎，脑卒中，脑脊膜膨出，脊柱裂，脊膜膨出以及神经中枢或周围神经损伤等，伴膀胱过度活动时，其症状与尿道综合征有相似之处，表现为尿频，尿急，排尿困难，紧迫性尿失禁等排尿功能障碍症状，但尿动力学检查示尿道压力正常，膀胱逼尿肌压增高，反射亢进，有时可出现尿潴留，肾积水和肾功能减退等。
4.尿路真菌感染
可表现有尿路刺激症状，尿液一般细菌培养无致病菌生长，但它不同于女性尿道综合征，它有以下不同之特点：多发于糖尿病，肿瘤，免疫力低下及长期应用抗生素，激素，免疫遏制药及留置导尿管者，上行性感染所致，其特征性表现为：尿中排出“真菌球”显微镜下可见真菌孢子和菌丝。
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