尿道综合症是一种临床常见疾病,为多种疾病所共有的症状群。可发生于任何年龄,以成年已婚妇女最为多见,常因性生活或过分劳累而导致急性发作。有些老年女性患者,在不知不觉中忽然发生尿频、尿急、尿痛、尿道刺痒等,像是发生了尿路感染,但是在医院化验尿或做细菌培养,也找不到细菌,服用抗菌消炎药也不见效,而且反复发作。老年妇女预防尿道综合征的主要措施如下。
首先需讲究会阴部的清洁卫生,防止会阴部接触脏东西,大便后最好用温水清洗肛门;有阴道炎及宫颈糜烂的要及时治疗;内衣裤最好是纯棉的,不要穿化纤的;洗外阴要用温开水,不要用过猛酸钾或肥皂水;平时多饮水,保持排尿通畅,防止尿液浓缩;小便后用干净柔软的纸擦净会阴;性生活的动作不要太大,结束后要用温开水洗净会阴。其次,在医生指导下服用小剂量的雌激素尼尔雌醇,每月服1次,每次服一片(5毫克)。第三,生活要规律,不吸烟不喝酒,多吃蔬菜水果,防止“生火”。第四,如果出现尿频、尿痛、零尿、尿道刺痒时,不要用手搔抓,要多用温开水洗几次会阴,或口服扑尔敏、氟美松。症状严重的,要请医生治疗。
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