常由于尿道外口解剖异常(如小阴唇融合、尿道处女膜融合、处女膜伞等)、尿道远端梗阻、泌尿系感染以及局部化学性、机械性刺激等因素所引起。尿道综合征容易与膀胱炎相混淆，了解两者的区别前，先看一下尿道综合征的临床特点：
一、尿道综合症的临床特点有哪些
1.症状
有尿频、尿急、尿痛症状，部分病人伴尿道烧灼感及排尿困难症状。同时，可出现耻骨上膀胱区痛、腰痛和性交痛等。
2.体征
于尿道外口处可见黏膜水肿、尿道分泌物，有时还可见尿道肉阜、尿道处女膜融合和处女膜伞等。尿道、膀胱颈部有压痛且伴尿道硬结。
女性尿道综合征是在排除其他可以引起尿路刺激症状的疾病后才能确诊定为尿道综合征。
二、尿道综合症与膀胱炎的区别
膀胱炎的症状是尿频、尿急和尿痛，病理性尿频最常见的病因是急性膀胱炎，由大肠杆菌感染所致，多见于新婚妇女，伴肉眼血尿或尿液浑浊，无全身发热。尿检有较多的白细胞、红细胞或脓细胞，尿细菌培养阳性。
尿道综合征和膀胱炎症状很像，但它的特征为明显的尿频、尿急，可伴有尿痛或排尿困难，但尿液检查多阴性，尿培养也无细菌生长。可能与尿道周围炎、更年期尿道炎、交感神经功能亢进或尿道处女膜融合等因素有关。
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